JavaScript
Arrays and Objects: JavaScript's Two Workhorses
Almost every piece of data in JavaScript ends up as an array, an object, or arrays and objects nested together.
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JavaScript
Functions, Arrow Functions, and What Scope Actually Means
Arrow functions aren't just shorter syntax. The real difference is how they handle this, and it matters.
JavaScript
var, let and const: Why JavaScript Has Three Ways to Make a Variable
const doesn't mean frozen, and var leaks out of if blocks in a way that trips up almost everyone once.
JavaScript
What Is JavaScript, and Why Is It Everywhere?
JavaScript and Java are basically unrelated. Here's what JavaScript actually is, and why it ended up everywhere.
Python
Handling Errors in Python with try and except
Things break. The question isn't whether your Python program will hit an error, it's what happens when it does.
Python
Classes and Objects in Python, Explained Simply
Self confuses almost everyone in their first week with Python classes. Here's what it actually means.
Python
Reading and Writing Files in Python
Reading and writing files in Python is refreshingly painless, as long as you know why the with block matters.
Python
Making Decisions and Repeating Things in Python
How Python makes decisions and repeats work, and why range(5) never gives you what you first expect.
Python
Writing Functions in Python (and Why You Will Want To)
The moment copy-pasting the same lines for the third time stops being okay is usually the moment you need a function.